stretch Rfree/a F11d 1+d(u,X) F12d d(u,Y) F13d d(u,Z) F21d d(v,X) F22d 1+d(v,Y) F23d d(v,Z) F31d d(w,X) F32d d(w,Y) F33d 1+d(w,Z) C11d F11d*F11d+F21d*F21d+F31d*F31d C12d F11d*F12d+F21d*F22d+F31d*F32d C13d F11d*F13d+F21d*F23d+F31d*F33d C22d F12d*F12d+F22d*F22d+F32d*F32d C23d F12d*F13d+F22d*F23d+F32d*F33d C33d F13d*F13d+F23d*F23d+F33d*F33d qd (C11d+C22d+C33d)/3 pd sqrt(max(1e-24,((C11d-qd)^2+(C22d-qd)^2+(C33d-qd)^2+2*(C12d^2+C13d^2+C23d^2))/6)) rd min(1,max(-1,((C11d-qd)*(C22d-qd)*(C33d-qd)+2*C12d*C13d*C23d-(C11d-qd)*C23d^2-(C22d-qd)*C13d^2-(C33d-qd)*C12d^2)/(2*pd^3))) stretchMax sqrt(max(0,qd+2*pd*cos(acos(rd)/3)))